If the laminate is not balanced and symmetric macro warpage will certainly occur during cool down.
Balanced cross ply laminate.
The aged cross ply specimens figure 7 had nearly parallel strength temperature curves to the unaged but were reduced by 35 and 65 for 45 c and 80 c 80 days aging respectively the shear strength of the angle ply figure 8 is not reduced.
A laminate is balanced when it consists of pairs of layers of the same thickness and material where the angles of the plies are θand θ.
Figure 1 10 a shows a typical tensile stress stain curve for a cross ply laminate.
All exceptions are presented in aiaa 2007 2083.
Cross ply laminates for cross ply laminates a16 a26 b16 b26 d16 d 26 0.
An example of a balanced laminate is 0 45 45 90 45 45 0 whereas an unbalanced laminate would be 0 45.
However the symmetry rule is shown to be a constraint that serves only to restrict the number of.
Thus a16 a26 0.
A balanced cross ply laminate following properties.
Cross ply and angle ply laminate specimens immersed in 45 c and 80 c temperature water for 80 days were tensile tested at 50 c 25 c and 50 c.
The study demonstrates that the common design rule of balanced and symmetric stacking sequences predominantly gives rise to bend twist coupling.
Stacking sequence listings are presented for bend twist coupled laminates asb0df with up to 21 plies.
For thin transverse plies i e thicknesses typically 0 25 mm the onset strain for matrix cracking can be delayed.
The laminate is subjected to a normal axial stress of 15 mpa and a shear stress of 10 mpa.
Calculate the normal and shear stresses in the 0.